來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2022-04-21 10:45:51
動(dòng)名詞的作用
1、作主語(yǔ)
1)、 直接位于句首做主語(yǔ)。例如: Swimming is a good sport in summer.
2)、 用 it 作形式主語(yǔ),把動(dòng)名詞(真實(shí)主語(yǔ))置于句尾作后置主語(yǔ)。 動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí),不太常用 it 作先行主語(yǔ),多見(jiàn)于某些形容詞及名詞之后。例如: It is no use telling him not to worry.
3)、動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)的比較:動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞都可以用作主語(yǔ)。在意義上相近。但動(dòng)名詞多用來(lái)表示泛指或抽象動(dòng)作,不定式多用來(lái)表示特指或具體動(dòng)作。比較: Smoking is not good for health. It is not good for you to smoke so much.
2、作表語(yǔ)
動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)句子主語(yǔ)常是表示無(wú)生命的事物的名詞或what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。表語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞與主語(yǔ)通常是對(duì)等的關(guān)系,表示主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容,主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)可互換位置。
Your task is cleaning the windows. 你的任務(wù)就是擦窗戶。(Cleaning the windows is your task.)
What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的就是被別人嘲笑。 (Being laughed at is what I hate most.)
3、作定語(yǔ)
動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)往往表示被修飾詞的某種用途。如: a washing machine=a machine for washing=a machine which is used for washing 。
4、作賓語(yǔ)
例:We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我們正考慮為下學(xué)期制定新的計(jì)劃。
5、有些詞后只能接動(dòng)名詞 ,不能跟不定式。 allow;avoid; celebrate; consider; discontinue; dislike; enjoy; escape; excuse; explain; feel like; finish; forgive; can’t help; imagine; keep; it means;mind; miss; practice; prevent;等
6、另外還有一些接-ing形式的常用短語(yǔ)。 spend money/time; think of, give up, put off, insist on, be good at, do well in, can't help, keep on, feel like, be tired (afraid, capable, fond) of, look forward to, be used to, devote oneself to, stick to, respond to, look forward to,
7、 有些詞后面加不定式和動(dòng)名詞均可,例如:remember, forget, try, stop, go on, stop,regret,, mean后面均可用不定式和-ing形式,但意義截然不容。 例: like doing sth 表經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作like to do sth表習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作;
stop doing sth,停止正在做的事情stop to do sth停下來(lái)做另外一件事; remember,forget,regret的不定時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)指后于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作,動(dòng)詞的ing形式則先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作 remember to do/doing: ①I(mǎi) remembered to post the letters.(指未來(lái)/過(guò)去未來(lái)將要做的動(dòng)作) ②I remembered posting/having posted the letters.(我記得做過(guò)這個(gè)動(dòng)作)
try to(努力)與try +–ing(試驗(yàn)): ①I(mǎi) tried not to go there.(我設(shè)法不去那里)
②I tried doing it again.(我試著又干了一次);go on to do sth繼續(xù)做某事(不是同一件事), go on doing sth繼續(xù)做某事(同一件事);
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