來源:網絡來源 作者:中考網整合 2022-05-19 09:55:57
中考網整理了關于2022中考英語復習必備:對定語從句的考查,希望對同學們有所幫助,僅供參考。
對定語從句的考查
一.定語從句的功用和結構
在復合句中,修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。被定從句修飾的詞叫做先行詞。定語從句必須放在先行詞之后。引導定語從句的關聯詞有關系代詞和關系副詞。例如:
This is the present that he gave me for my birthday
二.關系代詞和關系副詞的功用
關系代詞和關系副詞用來引導定于從句,在先行詞和定語從句之間起紐帶作用,使二者聯系起來。關系代詞和關系副詞又在定語從句中充當一個成分。關系待客做主語,賓語,定語,關系副詞可作狀語。
1. 作主語:關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時,從句的謂語動詞的人稱和數須和先行詞一致。例如:
I don’t like people who talk much but do little.
The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well.
2. 作賓語:She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.
The book that my grandmother gave me is called “The Great Escape”.
3. 作定語
關系代詞whose在定語從句中作定語用。例如:
What’s the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor?
The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard.
4. 作狀語
I’ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.
三. 各個關系代詞和關系副詞的具體用法
1. who 指人,在定語從句中作主語。例如:
The person who broke the window must pay for it.
The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.
2. whom指人,在定語從句中作賓語。例如:
Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate?
Mr Lee (whom) you want to see has come.
3. whose 指人,在定語從句中作定語。例如:
The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.
I know the boy whose father is a professor.
4. which指物,在定語從中作主語或賓語。例如:
A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.
Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday.
5. that多指物,有時也指人,在定語從句中作主語或賓語。例如:
I’ve read the newspaper that(which) carries the important news.
Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there?
6. when 指時間,在定語從句中作狀語。例如:
I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.
He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.
7. where 指地點,在定語從句中作狀語。例如:
This is the house where we lived last year.
The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.
四. 關系代詞 whom, which 在定語從句中作介詞賓語時,可以和介詞一起放于先行詞與定語從句之間,有時為了關系緊湊也可以將 whom 與 which 與先行詞緊挨著書寫,而將介詞置于定語從句的后面,如:
That was the room in which we had lived for ten years. = That was the room
which we had lived in for ten years.
五. 具體使用時還要注意下列問題:
1. 只能使用that,不用which 的情況:
(1) 先行詞是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代詞時。例如:
All that he said is true.
(2) 先行詞被only, no, any, all,等詞修飾時。例如:
He is the only foreigner that has been to that place.
(3) 先行詞是序數詞或被序數詞修飾的詞。例如:
He was the second (person) that told me the secret.
(4) 先行詞是形容詞最高級或被形容詞最高級修飾的詞。
This is the best book (that) I have read this year.
(5) 先行詞既包括人又包括物時。例如:
He talked about the people and the things he remembered.
2. 只能用which,不用that 的情況:
(1) 在非限制性定語從中。例如:
The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted.
(2) 定語從句由介詞+關系代詞引導,先行詞是物時。例如:
The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.
考查的主要形式是單項填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。閱讀理解和書面表達肯定也要用到定語從句。
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