來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2022-12-05 19:29:37
動(dòng)詞的基本形式的用法
英語的動(dòng)詞變化較為復(fù)雜,通過其本身詞形的變化和與助動(dòng)詞及情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的連用,表示不同的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)及語氣。多數(shù)動(dòng)詞的基本形式有四種:現(xiàn)在式;過去式;過去分詞;現(xiàn)在分詞。
1、現(xiàn)在式:
動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在式即動(dòng)詞原形(如:meet, do, like等),用于祈使句、不定式的時(shí)態(tài)中的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),但碰到單數(shù)第三人稱時(shí),需要在動(dòng)詞原形詞尾加-s(其構(gòu)成法與名詞復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成法及讀單相同,如meets, does, likes, studies。I live in the center of the town.我住在市中心。
He often goes to school by bus.他經(jīng)常乘公共汽車上學(xué)。
Sometimes they play basketball in the weekends. 有時(shí)他們?cè)谥苣┐蚧@球。
2、過去式:
過去式主要用于過去時(shí)(不因人稱和數(shù)而彎化),有規(guī)則和不規(guī)則兩種變化。
多數(shù)動(dòng)詞都是規(guī)則動(dòng)詞,在動(dòng)詞原形之后-ed構(gòu)成過去式(和 過去分詞),如:liked, studied。
不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化則應(yīng)特別記憶(或查不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表),如:met did。
I went home at half past five yesterday. I was gald to receive you letter of 16 th May.
3、過去分詞:
與hava或had構(gòu)成完成時(shí)態(tài),與be構(gòu)成被動(dòng)時(shí)態(tài)。構(gòu)成情況與過去式相同。
developed countries發(fā)達(dá)國家boiled 開水rozen冷凍食品spoken English英語口語
Tom has already passed this exam.She said she had borrowed a new book
4、現(xiàn)在分詞:
一般情況在詞尾加-ing looking, walking
以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的,去掉e后再加-ingmake-making, lose-losing
以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的,雙寫末尾的輔音字母再加-ing
run-running, get-getting, begin-beginning
現(xiàn)在分詞的作用是,可與be構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí),或用作形容詞或動(dòng)名詞。
developing countries 發(fā)展中國家boiling water 沸騰的水freezing wind 刺骨的寒風(fēng)
I heard the senior students singing in the hall.My father was cooking when I got home yesterday.
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