用一般過去時代替完成時

1)　兩個動作如按順序發生，又不強調先后，或用then，and，but 等連詞時，多用一般過去時。

When she saw the mouse，she screamed.

My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it.

2 ) 兩個動作相繼發生，可用一般過去時;如第一個動作需要若干時間完成，用過去完成時。

When I heard the news, I was very excited.

3)　敘述歷史事實，可不用過去完成時，而只用一般過去時。

Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.

用于現在完成時的句型

1)It is the first / second time…. that…結構中的從句部分，用現在完成時。

It is the first time that I have visited the city.

It was the third time that the boy had been late.

2)This is the… that…結構，that 從句要用現在完成時.

This is the best film that I've (ever) seen.

這是我看過的最好的電影。

This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing.

這是我第一次聽他唱歌。

典型例題

(1) ---Do you know our town at all?

---No, this is the first time I ___ here.

A. was　 B. have been　 C. came　 D. am coming

答案B. This is the first time 后面所加從句應為現在完成時，故選B。

(2) ---Have you ____ been to our town before?

---No, it's the first time I ___ here.

A. even, come　 B. even, have come　　C. ever, come　 D. ever, have come

答案 D. ever意為曾經或無論何時，反意詞為never，此兩詞常用于完成時。 This is the largest fish I have ever seen. It is / was the first time +that-clause 的句型中，從句要用完成時。

注意：非延續性動詞的否定形式可以與表示延續時間的狀語連用。即動作不發生的狀態是可以持續的。

(錯)I have received his letter for a month.

(對)I haven't received his letter for almost a month.

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